Polymer Composite Materials of Special Purpose for the Aerospace and Rocket Industry

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15407/scine21.01.095

Keywords:

polymer composite materials, fluoropolymers, aromatic polyamides, physical and mechanical properties, friction, wear, aviation and space industry

Abstract

Introduction. The advancement of the aviation and space industry has not only led to the creation of modern aircraft, rockets, and spacecraft but has also positively infl uenced related industries.
Problem Statement. A critical requirement for aviation and space industry products is a high level of reliability and durability due to their continuous interaction with humans and the significant costs of production and operation. This is particularly relevant for modern aircraft, rockets, and spacecraft, which operate at higher speeds, temperatures, and loads than their predecessors. Therefore, enhancing the reliability and durability of such products has become a pressing challenge.
Purpose. The purpose of this research is to increase the reliability and durability of key components in rocket and space technology by replacing conventional materials with newly developed ones.
Materials and Methods. The research has focused on polymer composite materials (PCMs) based on fluoropolymers and aromatic polyamides, filled with dispersed materials derived from silicon dioxide and carbon.
Results. Formulations and processing technologies for PCMs based on fluoropolymers and aromatic polyamides have been developed. These materials have been shown to surpass most non-ferrous metals, their alloys, and low-carbon steels in strength (up to 285 MPa) while maintaining a low density (up to 1400 kg/m³). In terms of thermophysical properties, they have demonstrated exceptional heat resistance, with no thermal decomposition observed up to +365 oC. Furthermore, parts manufactured from these materials have proven capable of operating in friction nodes without lubrication under normal loads of up to 2.5 MPa.
Conclusions. The developed polymer composite materials based on fluoropolymers and aromatic polyamides exhibit a high level of mechanical and thermal properties. Components made from these materials signifi cantly enhance the reliability and durability of modern aircraft, rockets, and spacecraft, representing a substantial advancement for the aerospace and rocket industry.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Van Beek, A. (2012). Advanced engineering design. Design for reliability. Delft.

Adamu Muhammad, Md. Rezaur Rahman, Rubiyah Baini, Muhammad Khusairy Bin Bakri. (2020). Applications of sustainable polymer composites in automobile and aerospace industry. In: Advances in Sustainable Polymer Composites (Ed. Md. Rezaur Rahman). Woodhead Publishing/Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-820338-5.00008-4

Jur, E. O., Kuchma, L. D., Manko, T. A., Sytalo, V. I. (2003). Polymer composite materials in rocket and space technology. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].

Kaufman, В., Briant, C. L. (2018). Metallurgical Designand Industry. Prehistory to the Space Age. Springer International Publishing A&G. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93755-7_5

Myshkin, N. K., Pesetskii, S. S., Grigoriev, A. Ya. (2015). Polymer composites in tribology. VIII International scientific conferene «BALTTRIB 2015». (27 November, 2015, Kaunas, Lithuania), 152—156. Kaunas. https://doi.org/10.15544/balttrib.2015.25

Satapathy, A., Battu, L., Watson, L., Rajabi, N., Park, J. (2022). Novel Thermal Coating for High-Speed Airplanes. ASME 2022 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (October 29 — November 2, 2022, Columbus, Ohio, USA). The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, (New York, USA. February 8, 2023). https://doi.org/10.1115/IMECE2022-95482

Devaraju, S., Alagar, M. (2021). Polymer Matrix Composite Materials for Aerospace Applications. In: Encyclopedia of Materials: Composites. 947—969. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-819724-0.00052-5

Rangappa, S. M., Parameswaranpillai, J., Siengchin, S., Kroll, L. (2021). Polymer Composite Structures: Design and Manufacturing Techniques. London. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429244087

Kabat, O. S., Sitar, V. I., Yermachenok, D. V., Davydov, S. O., Geti, K. V. (2017). Polymeric composite materials for friction units of space and aviation equipment. System design and analysis of the characteristics of aerospace engineering: a collection of scientific works of the Dnipro National University named after O. Honchar, 23, 40—48 [in Russian].

Weber, A. The growing role of plastics in aerospace assembly. URL: https://www.assemblymag.com/articles/94125-thegrowing-role-of-plastics-in-aerospace-assembly (Last accessed: 20.08.2023).

Friedrich, K. (2018). Polymer composites for tribological applications. Advanced industrial and engineering polymer research, 1(1), 3—39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiepr.2018.05.001

Suberlyak, O. V., Bashtannyk, P. I. (2006). Polymer and composite materials processing technology. Kyiv [in Ukrainian].

Osswald, T. (2017). Understanding Polymer Processing: Processes and Governing Equations. 2nd Edition. Carl Hanser Verlag. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-56990-648-4

Drobny, J. G. (2021). Technology of fluoropolymers. London.

Trigo‐López, J. M., García, J. A. (2018). Aromatic polyamides reglero ruiz and oth. New Jersey. https://doi.org/10.1002/0471440264.pst249.pub2

Abadie, M. J. (2012). High performance polymers — polyimides based — from chemistry to applications. Rijeka. https://doi.org/10.5772/2834

Lin, L., Zhao, Y., Hua, C., Alois, K. Schlarb. (2021). Effects of the velocity sequences on the friction and wear performance of PEEK-based materials. Tribology Letters, 69, 68. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-021-01452-8

Kurta, S. A. (2012). Fillers — synthesis, properties and use. Ivano-Frankivsk [in Ukrainian].

Rothon, R. (2017). Fillers for Polymer Applications. Switzerland. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-28117-9

Kabat, O. S., Heti, K. V., Kovalenko, I. L., Dudka, A. М. (2019). Fillers on the silica base for polymer composites of constructional purpose. Journal of chemistry and technologies, 27(2), 247—254. https://doi.org/10.15421/08192702

Sytar, V. I., Burya, A. I., Burmistr, M. V., Danilin, D. S. (2005). Effect of graphite content on wear of thermostable graphite-reinforced plastics. Proceedings of the World Tribology Congress III — 2005 (12—16 September, 2005, Washington, D.C., USA), 55—56. Washington. https://doi.org/10.1115/WTC2005-63229

Kabat, O. S., Dusheyko, M. V. (2017). Special purpose polymer composite materials based on fluoroplastic. Technological systems, 81(4), 63—67 [in Ukrainian]. https://doi.org/10.29010/081.8

Kabat, O. S., Sytar, V. I., Mytrokhin A. A. (2017). Heat-resistant polymer composites of special purpose for heavily loaded friction units. Technological systems, 79(2), 25—33 [in Russian].

Kabat, O., Sytar, V., Heti, K., Artemchuk, V. (2021). Method for obtaining a polymer composite based on aromatic polyamide and silicon dioxide. Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy, 56(2), 283—288. URL: https://journal. uctm.edu/j2021-2 (Last accessed: 20.08.2024).

Kabat, O. S., Kharchenko, B. G., Derkach, A. D., Artemchuk, V. V., Babenko, V. G. (2019). Polymer composite materials based on fluoroplast and methods for their preparation. Voprosy Khimii i Khimicheskoi Tekhnologii, 3, 116—122 [in Russian]. https://doi.org/10.32434/0321-4095-2019-124-3-116-122

Kabat, O. S., Sitar, V. I., Sukhiy, K. M. (2017). Determination of optimal technological parameters during the processing of press powders of aromatic polyamides in virob. Polymer magazine, 4, 248—252 [in Ukrainian]. URL: http:// polymerjournal.kiev.ua/4-2017/ (Last accessed: 20.08.2024). https://doi.org/10.15407/polymerj.39.04.248

Salvador Mendez Santos, Shuren Qu, Su Su Wang. (2022). High-temperature thermal transport properties of mul tifunctional PTFE/PEEK-matrix composite with short carbon fibers and graphite flakes. Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology, 144(4), 041003. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4054433

Ren, K., Xia, Q., Liu, Y., Cheng, W., Zhu, Y., Liu, Y., Yu, H. (2021). Wood/polyimide composite via a rapid substitution compositing method for extreme temperature conditions. Composites Science and Technology, 207, 108698. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2021.108698

Callister, W., Rethwisch, D. (2021). Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering: An Integrated Approach. New Jersey.

Kabat, O., Makarenko, D., Derkach, O., Muranov, Y. (2021). Determining the influence of the filler on the properties of structural thermal-resistant polymeric materials based on phenylone C1. Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Tech nologies, 5(6), 24—29. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.243100

Kabat, O., Sytar, V., Derkach, O., Sukhyy, K. (2021). Рolymeric composite materials of tribotechnical purpose with a high level of physical, mechanical and thermal properties. Chemistry & Chemical Technology, 15(4), 543—550. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.04.543

Kobets, A. S., Derkach, O. D., Kabat, O. S., Volovyk, I. A., Kovalenko, V. L., Kotok, V. A., Verbitskiy, V. V. (2020). Investigation friction and wear of constructional plastics based on aromatic polyamide. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 15(10), 1189—1195. URL: http://www.arpnjournals.com/jeas/volume_10_2020.htm (Last accessed: 20.08.2024).

Каbаt, О. S., Derkach, O. D., Pavlushkina, N. V., Pikula, І. І. (2019). Polymeric composites of tribotechnical purpose based on fluoropolymers. Problems of Tribology, 92(2), 75—81. https://doi.org/10.31891/2079-1372-2019-92-2-75-81

Kabat, O., Sytar, V., Sukhyy, K. (2018). Antifrictional polymer composites based on aromatic polyamide and carbon black. Chemistry & chemical technology, 12(3), 326—330. https://doi.org/10.23939/chcht12.03.326

Sytar, V. I., Kuzyaev, I. M., Burya, A. I., Kholodilov, O. V., Kabat, O. S. (2004). Optimization of the triboengineering characteristics of a phenylon-based composition. Journal of Friction and Wear, 25(2), 219—222.

Sabic. chemistry that matters. URL: https://www.sabic.com/en/products/specialties/noryl-resins/noryl-gtx-resin (Last accessed: 26.08.2023).

Thyssenkrupp Engineered Plastics. URL: https://www.onlineplastics.com/high-performance-plastics/torlon-pai-c-1_ 192_201.html (Last accessed: 26.08.2023).

Bely, V. A., Sviridenok, A. I., Petrokovets, M. I., Savkin, V. G. (1976). Friction and wear of materials based on polymers. Minsk [in Russian].

Downloads

Published

2025-01-25

How to Cite

KABAT, O., BANNYK, N., & VORONYI, O. (2025). Polymer Composite Materials of Special Purpose for the Aerospace and Rocket Industry. Science and Innovation, 21(1), 95–103. https://doi.org/10.15407/scine21.01.095

Issue

Section

The Scientific Basis of Innovation