PROCESSING OF ALUMINUM SLAG WITH THE USE OF SODA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/scine19.04.093Keywords:
aluminum, foundry slag, metallurgical output, temperature, phase transitionsAbstract
Introduction. It is known that light aluminum scrap and waste from aluminum production are difficult to melt effectively because aluminum is oxidized very easily.
Problem Statement. The technology for obtaining aluminum by reducing foundry slags allows a significant decrease in the amount of waste and a reduction in the cost of electricity for the production of castings.
Purpose. The purpose is to develop theoretical and technological framework for processing aluminum waste and obtaining high-quality product from it.
Material and Methods. 300 g foundry slag is taken to determine the yield of aluminum from melting in an induction furnace. The reagent (caustic soda 2.0% by mass of slag) is calcined at a temperature of 250 °C for 1 hour to remove moisture and organic impurities. The slag is placed in an alund crucible and heated, with soda added at 700 °C. After that, liquid aluminum is poured into a mold and after crystallization it is weighed on analytical balances. Samples for chemical and spectral analyzes of aluminum are taken in accordance with GOST 7565-81. The structural transformations and phase transitions during heating and cooling of aluminum samples have been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (STA 449F1 Jupiter synchronous thermal analyzer by NETZSCH).
Results. At the level of a hypothesis, a mechanism of the metallurgical slag processing, which is based on the change in the valence of aluminum from (III) to (I) and vice versa, depending on the reaction temperature has been proposed. The regularities of the yield during the processing of low-grade aluminum-containing slags have been established. It has been shown that with the intensification of heat exchange processes, the range of optimal parameters decreases, while the yield increases. The phase transitions of aluminum samples obtained during the processing of foundry aluminum slag have been studied. It has been proven that this method of processing allows obtaining aluminum of a relatively high purity.
Conclusions. The results of the research can be used to improve the technology for obtaining secondary aluminum from aluminum production waste.
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