Electrocatalytic Processing of Carbon Dioxide into Methanol and Formaldehyd
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15407/scine17.05.073Keywords:
carbon dioxide, electrocatalytic method, barrier discharge, formaldehyde, methanol.Abstract
Introduction. Since the middle of the XIX century there has been a steady increase in the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere, which can lead to global warming due to the greenhouse effect. International climate change experts in 2018 indicated that with the current rate of CO2 emissions in the next 10 years, the world will warm by 1,5°C, causing melting glaciers and rising sea levels.
Problem Statement. CO2 can be used to produce a large number of organic compounds. The formation of these compounds in large quantities depends on the method of CO2 processing. Before them include such methods as biological, thermal conversion, photochemical, plasma. Most of these methods use catalysts. One of the plasma methods is the electrocatalytic method using a barrier discharge.
Purpose. Determination of the basic physicochemical laws of the process of electrocatalytic conversion of CO2 into organic compounds, namely into methanol and formaldehyde using two arresters — a source of nontermal plasma.
Materials and Мethods. Studies on the electron-catalytic conversion of CO2 to methanol and formaldehyde were performed in a laboratory installation, which included two sources of low-temperature plasma arresters, one of which contains a heterogeneous catalyst. Water vapor was used as a source of hydrogen.
Results. Two samples of catalysts at different temperatures of the reaction zone and barrier discharge voltages were studied. The dependences of methanol and formaldehyde formation at different modes of operation of installation were obtained. The dependences of energy consumption in the production of methanol and formaldehyde from CO2 are obtained.
Conclusions. The use of the electrocatalytic method allows the processing of CO2 into various organic compounds, which can then be further used either as a raw material for various chemical processes, or as a fuel. This processing allows to reduce emissions into the environment and increase the range of products of the chemical
industry.
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